Hypothyroidism

What is Hypothyroidism?   
Hypothyroidism is a disease of the thyroid gland. It occurs when an inadequate amount of thyroid hormones are produced by the thyroid gland. Thyroxine’s main job is to regulate the metabolic rate of different tissues in the body. This endocrine condition is quite rare in cats. Fortunately, it is not a life-threatening disease to cats. 

How does my cat get Hypothyroidism?
This disease can develop, ironically, as a result of treating a cat for the more common feline endocrine disorder, hyperthyroidism (the thyroid gland producing too much thyroid hormone). Treating hyperthyroidism involves radioactive iodine or surgical removal of the thyroid – either can cause a low production of thyroxine and lead to hypothyroidism. Other causes of hypothyroidism can be contributed to cancerous thyroid tumors or a lack of iodine in the diet. The dietary cause is almost non-existent now that commercial cat diets contain adequate amounts of iodine.

How do I know if my cat has Hypothyroidism?
Cats with this condition tend to eat more, drink more and gain weight. They also tend to groom themselves above normal, yet the coat looks dry and brittle and the cat may be itchy or may experience hair loss. They lack energy and may be constipated. Report these symptoms to your veterinarian who will probably perform blood and urine tests, measure thyroid levels and cholesterol levels, conduct a biochemical profile, take abdominal radiographs and look for signs of mild anemia.

What can I do about Hypothyroidism?
Cats with this condition fare well with thyroid supplements that can be taken orally once or twice a day. This is not a life-threatening disease, but it is important to schedule regular veterinary checkups to keep tabs on your cat’s blood thyroid levels so the right amount of supplements can be prescribed.

Is there anything I can do to prevent my cat from getting Hypothyroidism?
If your cat has been diagnosed and treated for hyperthyroidism, have your veterinarian carefully monitor your cat’s recovery to ensure hypothyroidism does not develop. In the rare cases of dietary Iodine deficiency, ensuring sufficient Iodine in the diet may be helpful. Otherwise, there is nothing that can be done to prevent this condition.

Are there certain breeds that get Hypothyroidism more often?
No. This condition can affect any cat of any breed or mixed breed.